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打印导板在以技术行老年髋关节置换中的应用价
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摘要:背景:髋关节置换目前成为了解决老年股骨颈骨折问题的有效有段,但存在创伤大、术后易出现关节错位及术后并发症发生率高的风险。 目的:采用回顾性研究结合文献检索的方法探讨
背景:髋关节置换目前成为了解决老年股骨颈骨折问题的有效有段,但存在创伤大、术后易出现关节错位及术后并发症发生率高的风险。
目的:采用回顾性研究结合文献检索的方法探讨3D打印导板在老年髋关节置换中的应用价值。
方法:①文章回顾性分析2017年2月至2018年10月辽宁省金秋医院骨外科股骨颈骨折进行髋关节置换的老年患者25例的临床资料,患者13例术中应用3D打印导板辅助行关节置换设为导板组,12例术中未用打印导板设为未用导板组,以此观察3D打印导板行SuperPATH技术在老年髋关节置换中的应用价值;②由第一作者用计算机检索万方数据库,检索词为“3D、髋关节”,检索时间2000至2019年,按纳入标准选择31篇文献分析探讨3D打印导板在老年髋关节置换中的应用价值。
结果与结论:①回顾性分析结果显示,导板组手术时间、术中X射线透视次数少于未用导板组(P< 0.05),两组术中出血量、末次随访时髋关节功能Harris 评分差异无显著性意义(P> 0.05);②文献检索结果表明,3D 导板应用于髋关节置换中能够弥补手术的一些缺陷。目前实施关节置换有多种入路方式,常规和微创入路都有直接前侧入路和后外侧入路方式,经多篇文献分析得出,直接前外侧入路能够减少创伤,而微创入路能够降低手术风险;③上述结果显示,老年髋关节置换中采用3D打印导板辅助可减少手术时间及术中X射线透视次数,疗效较好。3D 导板应用在髋关节置换上具有应用价值,与微创技术相结合更具有优势。
BACKGROUND:Hip arthroplasty is now an effective method of effectively solving the problem of femoral neck fracture in the elderly,but there is a risk of big trauma,high joint dislocation and postoperative complications.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the application value of 3D printing guide plate in hip arthroplasty in the elderly by retrospective study and literature retrieval.
METHODS:(1) Clinical data of 25 elderly patients with femoral neck fracture undergoing hip arthroplasty from February 2017 to October 2018 in Liaoning Jinqiu Hospital were retrospectively the guide plate group,13 patients received hip arthroplasty using 3D printing guide plate.In the non-guide plate group,printing guide plate was not used in 12 application value of SuperPATH technique with 3D printing guide plate in hip arthroplasty in the elderly was observed.(2) Wanfang database was retrieved by the first author for studies published from 2000 to 2019.The key words were “3D,hip”.According to the inclusion criteria,31 articles were selected to analyze the application value of 3D printing guide plate in hip arthroplasty in the elderly.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The results of retrospective analysis showed that the operation time and the times of X-ray fluoroscopy were less in the guide plate group than those in the non-guide plate group (P< 0.05).Intraoperative blood loss and Harris score of hip function at the final follow-up were not significantly different between the two groups (P> 0.05).(2) Literature search results showed that 3D guide plates could be used to compensate for some defects of surgery in hip are many approaches to implement joint conventional and minimally invasive approaches have direct anterior approach and posterolateral to several literature analysis,direct anterolateral approach can reduce trauma,and minimally invasive approach can reduce the risk of surgery.(3) The above results show that the use of 3D printing guide plate in elderly hip arthroplasty can reduce the operation time and the times of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy,and the effect is guide plate has application value in hip arthroplasty,and it has advantages in combination with minimally invasive techniques.
0 引言 Introduction
3D打印技术是一种利用数字模型,使用金属粉末或者塑料等可黏合材料,逐层打印来构造物体的技术。近年来,3D骨科发展迅速,尤其在关节置换中研究较为深入。利用3D打印技术可以为患者定制个体化假体,解决传统置换手术中假体型号选择、假体位置判断以及严重关节畸形矫正等难点问题[1]。股骨颈骨折为老年人多发常见骨折类型,骨折发生后患者多伴有髋部疼痛症状,功能障碍从而引发行为困难,导致其难以站立行走,影响患者日常生活。随着假体设计、人工材料的进步及手术技术的提高,人工髋关节置换以其早期下地行走、关节功能恢复率高等优势成为股骨颈骨折首选治疗方案,已有多项临床研究证实人工髋关节置换是治疗老年股骨颈骨折的有效治疗方法[2-4]。
髋关节置换到目前已有接近40年的历史,且置换技术在不断成熟。目前实施人工股骨头置换术的手术路径较多,总的来说有前侧、外侧、后侧3个大方向,临床会有前外侧的结合与后外侧的结合。后外侧入路为临床实施人工股骨头置换术常用手术路径,该路径术中需切断患者部分关节囊及外旋肌群,术后易出现关节脱位,且术后并发症发生率高[5-6]。经过多篇文献临床研究的分析结果来看,前外侧入路方式要优于后外侧入路[7-8]。近年来,随着技术的不断创新以及手术器械的更新,微创手术方式应运而生,其中较为有名的是美国亚利桑那州凤凰城圣路加医学中心James Chow博士首创的SuperPATH微创髋关节置换。
文章来源:《中国组织工程研究》 网址: http://www.zgzzgcyj.cn/qikandaodu/2021/0316/1152.html
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